{"id":230,"date":"2023-04-21T14:16:42","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T14:16:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/?page_id=230"},"modified":"2023-04-27T14:46:19","modified_gmt":"2023-04-27T14:46:19","slug":"the-fight-against-censorship","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/exhibits\/the-fight-against-censorship\/","title":{"rendered":"The Fight Against Censorship"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p>&#8220;The techniques and procedures they employ undermine the basic freedoms we cherish and if permitted to flourish would ultimately destroy our way of life.&#8221;<br \/>\n<cite>From\u00a0<em>Censorship and Controversy<\/em>, prepared by NCTE&#8217;s Committee on Censorship of Teaching<\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>When NCTE first formed, advocacy against censorship was not a significant part of the Council&#8217;s activities. Instead, NCTE was largely occupied with improving the workload of English teachers, setting standards in English instruction, and promoting reasonable college entrance requirements.<\/p>\n<p>However, censorship became a central issue in the 1950s, with McCarthyism spurring the NCTE to take a more active stance against the issue. In 1953, NCTE&#8217;s Committee on Censorship of Teaching Materials published\u00a0<em>Censorship and Controversy<\/em>, which condemned McCarthy&#8217;s tactics and championed freedom of thought.<\/p>\n<p>Although McCarthyism soon died away, the NCTE continued to rally against book bannings, with several committees dedicated to working against this suppression around the country, including the Committee Against Censorship, the Committee to Report Case Studies on Censorship, and the NCTE Task Force on Guidelines for Dealing with Censorship of Nonprint Materials. The Council also began to focus more on emphasizing the rights of students. In 1962,\u00a0<em>The Students&#8217; Right to Read,<\/em>\u00a0published by the NCTE, defends both the rights of teachers and students the freedom to select what to read.<\/p>\n<p>Today, NCTE actively supports teachers facing censorship by offering resources through its online\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncte.org\/action\/anti-censorship\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Anti-Censorship Center<\/a>. To learn more about anti-censorship in NCTE&#8217;s past, take a look at the featured topics below:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Censorship and Controversy<\/li>\n<li>The Student&#8217;s Right to Read<\/li>\n<li>NCTE Defends Teachers: &#8220;How to Handle Complaints on Books&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>The Catcher in the Rye Controversy<\/li>\n<li>English Teachers Under Pressure: &#8220;Maddox Demands Resignation&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>Meeting Censorship in the School: A Series of Case Studies<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Censorship and Controversy<\/h2>\n<p>The first NCTE publication to decry censorship,\u00a0<em>Censorship and Controversy<\/em> is a 56-page pamphlet prepared by the Committee on Censorship of Teaching Materials. Education specialist at the United States Office of Education, William R. Wood, chaired this committee, and five past presidents of NCTE served as members. In this pamphlet, they encouraged open-access to educational materials, as well as warned about people who would exploit the dangers of Communism to gain personal power. Learn more: <a href=\"http:\/\/archives.library.illinois.edu\/archon\/index.php?p=collections\/controlcard&amp;id=10759\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">15\/73\/803<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Item:<\/strong>\u00a0Copy of\u00a0<em>Censorship and Controversy<\/em>\u00a0(1953)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/cencon01.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-414 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/cencon01-202x300.jpg\" alt=\"Censorship and Controversy (1953) cover\" width=\"202\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/cencon01-202x300.jpg 202w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/cencon01.jpg 560w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 202px) 100vw, 202px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/cencon02.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-415 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/cencon02-300x214.jpg\" alt=\"Censorship and Controversy (1953) table of contents and introduction\" width=\"300\" height=\"214\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/cencon02-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/cencon02-1024x729.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/cencon02-768x547.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/cencon02.jpg 1110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/cencon03.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-416 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/cencon03-300x212.jpg\" alt=\"Censorship and Controversy (1953) - the problem of communism\" width=\"300\" height=\"212\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/cencon03-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/cencon03-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/cencon03-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/cencon03.jpg 1123w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>The Student&#8217;s Right to Read<\/h2>\n<p>In 1962, the NCTE published\u00a0<em>The Student&#8217;s Right to Read<\/em>\u00a0to offer guidance to teachers on what to do if they faced potential censorship and to affirm the right of students and teachers to choose what to read. It sold over 150,000 copies, and NCTE continued to reprint and update the\u00a0<em>The Student&#8217;s Right to Read<\/em> over the years, including printing a 1972 edition and a 1996 edition. It also serves as the basis for NCTE&#8217;s policy against censorship. Learn more: <a href=\"http:\/\/archives.library.illinois.edu\/archon\/index.php?p=collections\/controlcard&amp;id=10750\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">15\/71\/824<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Item:<\/strong>\u00a0First printing of\u00a0<em>The Student&#8217;s Right to Read<\/em>\u00a0(1962)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright01.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-417 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright01-132x300.jpg\" alt=\"First printing of The Student\u2019s Right to Read (1962) cover\" width=\"132\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright01-132x300.jpg 132w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright01-451x1024.jpg 451w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright01.jpg 588w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 132px) 100vw, 132px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright02.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-418 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright02-264x300.jpg\" alt=\"First printing of The Student\u2019s Right to Read (1962) inner pages\" width=\"264\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright02-264x300.jpg 264w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright02-902x1024.jpg 902w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright02-768x872.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright02.jpg 1179w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 264px) 100vw, 264px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright03.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-419 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright03-264x300.jpg\" alt=\"First printing of The Student\u2019s Right to Read (1962) back\" width=\"264\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright03-264x300.jpg 264w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright03-901x1024.jpg 901w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright03-768x873.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/studright03.jpg 1176w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 264px) 100vw, 264px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>NCTE Defends Teachers<\/h2>\n<p>The NCTE reached out to teachers through newspapers, informing educators on how to handle complaints. In an article in\u00a0<em>The Atlanta Constitution<\/em>, the NCTE suggests: &#8220;The Council doesn&#8217;t question the right of citizens to speak their piece about materials used in the curriculum. But the Council urges that these people be required to file their complaints or questions in writing, fully identifying themselves and whatever groups they represent.&#8221; Many of the arguments NCTE presents here are based on the pamphlet,\u00a0<em>The Student&#8217;s Right to Read<\/em> (see above). Learn more: \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/archives.library.illinois.edu\/archon\/index.php?p=collections\/controlcard&amp;id=1814\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">15\/73\/009<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Item:<\/strong>\u00a0&#8220;How to Handle Complaints on Books,&#8221;\u00a0<em>The Atlanta Constitution<\/em> (February 11. 1963)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/complaints-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-420 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/complaints-1-233x300.jpg\" alt=\"\u201cHow to Handle Complaints on Books,\u201d The Atlanta Constitution (February 11. 1963)\" width=\"233\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/complaints-1-233x300.jpg 233w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/complaints-1-794x1024.jpg 794w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/complaints-1-768x990.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/complaints-1.jpg 1152w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 233px) 100vw, 233px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Controversy: The Catcher in the Rye<\/h2>\n<p>The NCTE would also directly aid teachers facing potential censorship. Unfortunately, the Council was not always successful. In this series of correspondence, the NCTE offers advice to a headmaster whose high school&#8217;s curriculum for juniors included the book,\u00a0<em>The Catcher in the Rye<\/em>. Running into &#8220;rumbling&#8221; at the school, the headmaster asks for supporting documentation justifying the book&#8217;s intellectual value for an upcoming executive board meeting. In the end, however, the executive committee determined that &#8220;such a book as this has no place in the curriculum.&#8221; Learn more: <a href=\"http:\/\/archives.library.illinois.edu\/archon\/index.php?p=collections\/controlcard&amp;id=1814\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">15\/73\/009<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Item:<\/strong>\u00a0Letters on\u00a0<em>Catcher in the Rye<\/em>\u00a0(1963)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/catcher-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-422 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/catcher-1-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"Letter to Robert Hogan about assigned reading of catcher in the rye, March 13, 1963\" width=\"235\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/catcher-1-235x300.jpg 235w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/catcher-1.jpg 760w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 235px) 100vw, 235px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/catcher-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-423 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/catcher-2-207x300.jpg\" alt=\"Letter from Enid Olson to Allen G Vickers responding about catcher in the rye, March 18,1963 - page 1\" width=\"207\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/catcher-2-207x300.jpg 207w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/catcher-2.jpg 638w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 207px) 100vw, 207px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/catcher-3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-424 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/catcher-3-207x300.jpg\" alt=\"Letter from Enid Olson to Allen G Vickers responding about catcher in the rye, March 18,1963 - page 2\" width=\"207\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/catcher-3-207x300.jpg 207w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/catcher-3.jpg 638w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 207px) 100vw, 207px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/catcher-4.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-425 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/catcher-4-282x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"282\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/catcher-4-282x300.jpg 282w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/catcher-4.jpg 566w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 282px) 100vw, 282px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>English Teachers Under Pressure<\/h2>\n<p>The Council also collected newspaper clippings spanning decades, documenting cases of censorship against teachers. In this particular case, the governor of Georgia demanded the resignation of Martha Henry, a 23-year-old English teacher, for assigning\u00a0<em>A Patch of Blue<\/em> to read. The governor charged that it was a &#8220;vulgar, ugly, and dirty book.&#8221; Fortunately, Henry had the support of her superintendent, who stated: &#8220;Neither she nor any other DeKalb County teacher will be pushed around on the basis of unusual statements.&#8221; Learn more: <a href=\"http:\/\/archives.library.illinois.edu\/archon\/index.php?p=collections\/controlcard&amp;id=1814\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">15\/73\/009<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Item:<\/strong>\u00a0&#8220;Maddox Demands Resignation of Teacher Because of Book,&#8221;\u00a0<em>Twin City Sentinel<\/em>\u00a0(June 14, 1968)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/under-pressure-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-426 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/under-pressure-1-300x273.jpg\" alt=\"\u201cMaddox Demands Resignation of Teacher Because of Book,\u201d Twin City Sentinel (June 14, 1968)\" width=\"300\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/under-pressure-1-300x273.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/under-pressure-1-768x698.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/under-pressure-1.jpg 885w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Meeting Censorship in the School<\/h2>\n<p>In 1966, NCTE published\u00a0<em>Meeting Censorship in the School: A Series of Case Studies<\/em>. The book was written by the Committee to Report Case Studies on Censorship, chaired by John Hove. The book examines nine case studies of schools that banned books, including\u00a0<em>The Catcher in the Rye<\/em>. By analyzing the process through which books are banned &#8211; what was objectionable? why did this particular school district object to it? what is the surrounding community like? &#8211; the Council hoped it could better combat challenges to books. Learn more: <a href=\"http:\/\/archives.library.illinois.edu\/archon\/index.php?p=collections\/controlcard&amp;id=10759\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">15\/73\/803<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Item:<\/strong>\u00a0Copy of\u00a0<em>Meeting Censorship in the School: A Series of Case Studies<\/em>(1966)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-427 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-1-191x300.jpg\" alt=\"Meeting Censorship in the School: A Series of Case Studies(1966) cover\" width=\"191\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-1-191x300.jpg 191w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-1-652x1024.jpg 652w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-1-768x1207.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-1.jpg 777w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 191px) 100vw, 191px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-428 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-2-192x300.jpg\" alt=\"Meeting Censorship in the School: A Series of Case Studies(1966) table of contents\" width=\"192\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-2-192x300.jpg 192w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-2-655x1024.jpg 655w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-2-768x1201.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-2.jpg 781w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 192px) 100vw, 192px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-429 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-3-187x300.jpg\" alt=\"Meeting Censorship in the School: A Series of Case Studies(1966) case study III - catcher in the rye\" width=\"187\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-3-187x300.jpg 187w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-3-640x1024.jpg 640w, https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/96\/2023\/04\/case-study-3.jpg 749w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 187px) 100vw, 187px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;The techniques and procedures they employ undermine the basic freedoms we cherish and if permitted to flourish would ultimately destroy our way of life.&#8221; From\u00a0Censorship and Controversy, prepared by NCTE&#8217;s Committee on Censorship of Teaching When NCTE first formed, advocacy against censorship was not a significant part of the Council&#8217;s activities. Instead, NCTE was largely [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":807,"featured_media":19,"parent":33,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"hero-img-template.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-230","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/230","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/807"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=230"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/230\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":506,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/230\/revisions\/506"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/33"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wordpress.library.illinois.edu\/ncte\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}